Background History of Colombia
Colombia is a country with a rich history that has build the lives of millions through the years. Colombia today is a idea of what its men and women decided during their distant and recent past.
Colombia Independence The Independence Day is one of the most important dates in the Colombian history, and it is associate to independence movement all over the continent. It is when people from New Granada decided to set free from the Spanish domination. On July 20,1810, Criollos from Santa Fe de Bogota took advantage from an incident with a Spanish conqueror. Criollos made a meeting in the Main Plaza with some peasants to ask for Cabildo Abiert. They asked for their own political participation in the government by the creation of a Government Junta. With the idea of total freedom, criollos began to declare independence to Spain. Cartagena was the first city in getting it, on November 11th, 1811. It was followed by Cundinamarca, Antioquia and Tunja in 1813. Simon Bolivar and other good citizens guided battles for independence. He attacked the Spanish army in the Vargas Marsh, on June 25th, and he won the battle. With this last battle, New Granada got the independence, with exception of Pasto and the Atlantic Coast.  The War of a 1000 Days |
This Civil War was one of the most lacks of military strategies, armament and professional preparation. The governmental army and the rebel troops didn't have any military strategies. This war where lead by caudillos, which were poor people with no professional preparation. In this war women and children made an important participation. This war led to many important facts. It was unhelpful because their conviction were not enough to win the war. It was deadly, more than 80,000 people died, of a total population of 4 million. Secondly this war left a weak country, and this made impossible for people to fight for Panama, which lead to the separation from it.
Violence Detonators
Gaitan's Assassination
Jore Eliecer Gaitan has arguably been the most popular politician Colombia has ever had. His assassination on April 9, 1948, set off a series of violent events that threw liberals and conservatives into bitter confrontations. Bogota was turned into a ball of fire and hundreds were believed to have lost their lives. The news spread very fast. The spontaneous violent movement raged through the city for seven days and could only be crushed by military tanks. Gaitan's assassination was a watershed in Colombia's political history as it markedly affected the country's social fiber. According to analysts, the death of the populist leader and the tragic incidents that followed, left marks that are still visible today. It started La Violencia, a devastating period in Colombia's history that lasted five years between 1948 and 1953. The revolutionary groups receive political and military ground to become an controlling force today.
The 1991 Constitution
1991 was a very important year in Colombia recent history. On July 4, 1991, Colombia accept a new constitution that agree a better reform of the country's institutions. The goal was to establish a political and juridical model that would set a new plan for the nation. Some of the reforms include the creation of the Prosecutor General's Office, the Constitutional Court, and the Supreme Judiciary Council, which is a system to protect basic human rights. The 1991 constitution also opened doors to the creation of new political parties and movements.
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario